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In this paper, we draw attention to collective learning from various theoretical perspectives, and discuss different forms of collective learning processes and outcomes. We argue that it is important to consider these differences when thinking of creating possibilities for groups to learn in organisations. Three types of collective learning (networks, teams, and communities) will be reviewed. We conclude that learning in communities is a powerful way to stimulate collective learning processes and shared collective learning outcomes. Finally, we argue that workers in organisations are more and more stimulated to share and develop knowledge together with the use of ICT [information and communication technology]. ICT creates possibilities for networked learning, however, we stress that it is also important to focus on group dynamics. They are crucial to coordinate and structure networked learning; two models to support this will be presented.

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Some organizations seek to promote informal work-related learning to stimulate organizational performance. This study focuses on six types of work-related learning in relation to personal, relational, and work characteristics of the workplace practice. A survey was conducted to identify types and levels of work-related learning for executive Dutch police officers in terms of intentionality, developmental relatedness, and interaction partner’s professional practice and hierarchical position. Analysis of the data found that police officers frequently learn from their peers and together. They learn from new and less-experienced colleagues infrequently. Of the nine characteristics of workplace practices researched in this study, some seemed to individually facilitate work-related learning; in particular, the individual’s value of work-related learning, possibilities for collegial feedback, and a relatively high level of work pressure seemed to stimulate informal work-related learning. Implications of the findings for [human resource development] HRD research and practice are discussed.

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